Best Pictures: 2012 Nat Geo Photo Contest Winners









































































































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Hagel Nomination Stirs Bipartisan Opposition













Two weeks before his inauguration, and with more "fiscal cliffs" on the horizon, President Obama is embracing a showdown with Congress over his pick to lead the Pentagon in his second term.


Obama will nominate former Republican Sen. Chuck Hagel to be the next Secretary of Defense at a formal White House announcement later today, administration officials said.


The president will name counterterrorism advisor John Brennan as the new CIA director to replace David Petraeus, rounding out an overhaul of his national security team.


Obama tapped Sen. John Kerry of Massachusetts last month to become the next Secretary of State.


Hagel is in many ways an ideal pick for Obama, giving nod to bipartisanship while appointing someone with a demonstrated commitment to veterans of Iraq and Afghanistan and to retooling and economizing the Pentagon bureaucracy for the future.


But the nomination of Hagel to replace outgoing Defense Secretary Leon Panetta is also politically charged, expected to trigger a brutal confirmation fight in the Senate, where a bipartisan group of critics has already lined up against the pick.


"This is an in your face nomination by the president to all of us who are supportive of Israel," Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., told CNN on Sunday. "I don't know what his management experience is regarding the Pentagon -- little, if any, so I think it's an incredibly controversial choice."






Junko Kimura/Getty Images













The criticism stems from Hagel's controversial past statements on foreign policy, including a 2008 reference to Israel's U.S. supporters as "the Jewish lobby" and public encouragement of negotiations between the United States, Israel and Hamas, a Palestinian group the State Department classifies as terrorists.


"Hagel has consistently been against economic sanctions to try to change the behavior of the Islamist regime, the radical regime in Tehran, which is the only way to do it, short of war," Sen. Joe Lieberman, I-Conn., said last month.


The Nebraska Republican has also drawn fire for his outspoken opposition to the 2003 U.S.-led war in Iraq and the subsequent troop "surge" ordered by then-President George W. Bush in 2007, which has been credited with helping bring the war to a close.


On the left, gay rights groups have protested Hagel for comments he made in 1998 disparaging then-President Bill Clinton's nominee for U.S. Ambassador to Luxembourg James Hormel as "openly, aggressively gay." Hagel has since apologized for the remark as "insensitive."


Top Senate Democrats tell ABC News there is no guarantee Hagel will win confirmation and that, as of right now, there are enough Democratic Senators with serious concerns about Hagel to put him below 50 votes.


But that could change, with many top lawmakers publicly vowing to withhold final judgment until Hagel has an opportunity to answer his critics during confirmation hearings. No senator has yet publicly vowed to filibuster the Hagel nomination.


Hagel is a decorated Vietnam veteran and businessman who served in the senate from 1997 to 2009. After having sat on that chamber's Foreign Relations and Intelligence committees, he has in recent years gathered praise from current and former diplomats for his work on Obama's Intelligence Advisory Board as well as the policy board of current Defense Secretary Leon Panetta.


"Chuck Hagel is a tremendous patriot and statesman, served incredibly in Vietnam, served this country as a United States senator. He hasn't had a chance to speak for himself. And so why all the prejudging?" said Sen. Heidi Heitkamp, D-N.D., on "This Week."


"In America, you give everybody a chance to speak for themselves and then we'll decide," she said.


The top Senate Republican echoed that sentiment. "I'm going to wait and see how the hearings go and see whether Chuck's views square with the job he would be nominated to do," Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell of Kentucky said.






Read More..

Silent Skype calls can hide secret messages









































Got a secret message to send? Say it with silence. A new technique can embed secret data during a phone call on Skype. "There are concerns that Skype calls can be intercepted and analysed," says Wojciech Mazurczyk at the Institute of Telecommunications in Warsaw, Poland. So his team's SkypeHide system lets users hide extra, non-chat messages during a call.












Mazurczyk and his colleagues Maciej Karaś and Krysztof Szczypiorski analysed Skype data traffic during calls and discovered an opportunity in the way Skype "transmits" silence. Rather than send no data between spoken words, Skype sends 70-bit-long data packets instead of the 130-bit ones that carry speech.












The team hijacks these silence packets, injecting encrypted message data into some of them. The Skype receiver simply ignores the secret-message data, but it can nevertheless be decoded at the other end, the team has found. "The secret data is indistinguishable from silence-period traffic, so detection of SkypeHide is very difficult," says Mazurczyk. They found they could transmit secret text, audio or video during Skype calls at a rate of almost 1 kilobit per second alongside phone calls.












The team aims to present SkypeHide at a steganography conference in Montpellier, France, in June.


















































If you would like to reuse any content from New Scientist, either in print or online, please contact the syndication department first for permission. New Scientist does not own rights to photos, but there are a variety of licensing options available for use of articles and graphics we own the copyright to.




































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If you are having a technical problem posting a comment, please contact technical support.








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PSLE should not be abolished: poll






SINGAPORE: The majority of participants at a Our Singapore Conversation session at Jurong Central on Sunday agreed that the Primary School Leaving Examination (PSLE) should not be abolished.

Nearly nine out of 10 who responded to the online poll said the PSLE is still relevant.

Ang Wei Neng, Member of Parliament for Jurong Group Representation Constituency commented: "They know that PSLE has stress, and may need to be tweaked to reduce the stress but most of them think that it's essential for (students) to distinguish their abilities so that they can choose the secondary school based on equal footing, on the PSLE results."

In another poll, most said they would like to see a good balance of economic growth and happiness for Singapore in 20 years' time.

This is the first time that an electronic vote was used in the Our Singapore Conversation session.

Some 600 students and parents participated in the dialogue.

- CNA/xq



Read More..

How to sell your phone for cash (Smartphones Unlocked)



In last month's Smartphones Unlocked, I shared what happens to your smartphone when it ceases to be yours.


Although I listed resources for getting rid of your phone (and took a poll of what CNET readers usually do with their old handsets,) it's high time I offered up some tips for how to go about selling your phone...or any other consumer electronic, for that matter.


Don't count on a Hawaiian vacation for your efforts, but depending on how much you hoard or how savvy you sell, the dollars could really add up.


1. Raid the closet


When's the last time you've slid open desk drawers or checked under the bed? Chances are that you have at least one ancient flip phone hiding out in a closet somewhere.

Holding onto a phone you're no longer planning to use makes good sense. You never know when you or a family member or friend will need a spare, but at some point when you upgrade to the next big thing, you can turn the one you've got into cash.


When you add up the old cell phones, cameras, and laptops you have at home, you might find a nice little stash to sell.


2. Don't stress if it's broken


How much money would you expect to get for a cruddy old model? Through many Web sites and trade-in programs, the answer is: nothing. yHowever, if you're smart and don't mind a little driving, you're almost guaranteed to get at least a little pocket change through one vendor.

EcoATM is a physical kiosk where you can sell your cell phones, and soon your
tablets (this is in trial.) There are currently 300 units in malls across America, with outlets continuing to mushroom.



Four ways to ditch your old electronics




In a nutshell, EcoATM scans your phone and compares it with a database to make an offer based on the phone's market value and current condition. If you accept -- and yes, you can also decline -- the machine spits out money on the spot.


It does require a driver's license and a thumbprint scan to use, and it also takes a picture of you as well for security measures, to help guard against theft and fraud.


Yes, couch potatoes, you will need to trudge all the way over to the mall to use EcoATM, but it's often the only option that will pay for your very old or broken phones.


3. Shop around. Really


EcoATM is a terrific new resource, but it isn't the only one. In fact, the electronics resale space is positively packed. Big box retailers like Best Buy, Radio Shack, Amazon, and Game Stop have all launched buy-back programs, and many major carriers have also launched trade-in programs of their own.

Unfortunately for the lazy seller (me,) no one service is more reliable or offers a better deal than all the others. Plain and simple, you just have to shop around. EcoATM may be the only game in town for older phones, but it won't necessarily offer you the best price across the board.


Prices vary by condition and by demand -- you'll get less for water damage, and more if it's a flawless phone right out of the box. Expect to take home a larger amount for newer phones than for older ones.


























iPhone 4S (16GB)$160$300$132$226$205
iPhone 4S (16GB), Broken$65$0$0$91$80
Samsung Galaxy S3 (16GB)$130$250$195N/A$274
Motorola Razr, 3rd ed.$55$0$0.5$0N/A

To illustrate the fluctuations, I checked the price of four phones on five different services: two iPhone 4Ses (16GB), a Samsung Galaxy S3 (16GB), and a third-edition Motorola Razr. In all cases but one, I listed the phones in good condition; that is, no water damage and they turn on. The second
iPhone 4S I listed as broken. When asked, I chose AT&T as the common carrier.


Not every service takes every phone. Gazelle.com, for instance, focuses on Apple products. Amazon doesn't have offers up yet for the Samsung Galaxy S3, presumably because the phone is still so new that not enough of their customers are trying to offload it.


If you're planning to sell a bundle of phones and you don't mind putting in the research time, check three or four online spots before hitting an EcoATM, your carrier, or another brick-and-mortar store.


Armed with comparison pricing, you'll be able to decide on the spot whether to take the offer in person or take the digital sale. (I've never tried negotiating with a brick-and-mortar against online pricing, but if you have, let me know how that goes.)


4. Know how you're getting paid


Before you sell a phone or any electronic, consider how you want to receive the funds. Several online vendors may offer you a check, a cash card, or an infusion to your PayPal account. Retailers like Best Buy will more commonly hand you an in-store gift card, or cash if you have a receipt proving you bought the item there.

Cell phone carriers apply the value of your trade-in to your next phone, or might assign you credit. EcoATM deals only in cash that, fittingly, is stored inside the locked-down machine, ATM-style.


One important thing to keep in mind: if you opt for an online vendor, you'll have to wait a few weeks to get paid. After you box up the good and ship them, employees will match the device to its actual condition, to keep any fibbers honest. Only then will they authorize your payment.


5. Never throw old phones away


in the event that you have electronics that nobody else will pay you for, take the high road and recycle. Almsot every resaler that takes phones will do it for you, archaic chargers and all.

The benefits of donating old phones are threefold: it clears old gadgets out of your home, it could improve someone else's life, and you won't be directly responsible for throwing toxic chemicals into the dump.


Read also: Your smartphone's secret afterlife

6. Plan ahead


The cell phone's lifespan is typically much shorter than any other category of consumer electronics. Most of us ditch our phones after 18 months, which means that there's plenty of time to plan how you'll keep or dispose of your future phones.

Resellers -- the guys who initially buy your phones from you before -- see a boom right around the winter holidays. If you opt to sell a lot of used electronics online, timing the eventual receipt of your payment with an extra-large bill or purchase could work out in your favor.


Resources: Sell or donate your cell phone


There are many ways to pass on unwanted cell phones after they've served their purpose, but here are a few resources to get you started.

Online sales and trade-ins
BuyMyTronics
Gazelle
YouRenew
NextWorth
FlipSwap
Cash For Smartphones
Best Buy Online Trade-In
Amazon
Target
Swappa (Marketplace, more like e-Bay)
eBay
Craiglist
Your carrier's buy-back program


Physical sales and national recycling outlets
Best Buy
RadioShack
Costco
EcoATM


National charities
Cell Phones for Soldiers
Hope Phones
Hope Line Phones (Verizon)


Local charities
City drives - check with your city government
Local domestic violence centers



Smartphones Unlocked
is a monthly column that dives deep into the inner workings of your trusty smartphone.


Read More..

Best Pictures: 2012 Nat Geo Photo Contest Winners









































































































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Read More..

Gun Show Near Newtown Goes on Despite Anger













A little more than 40 miles from Sandy Hook Elementary School, where last month 20 first graders and six staff members were massacred, gun dealers and collectors alike ignored calls to cancel a gun show, and gathered for business in Stamford, Conn.


Four other gun shows with an hour of Newtown, Conn., recently cancelled their events in the wake of the shootings, when 20-year-old Adam Lanza broke in to the elementary school with a semi-automatic assault rifle and three other guns.


The organizers in Stamford emphasized their show only displayed antique and collectible guns, not military style assault weapons like the one used by Lanza in Sandy Hook.


Still, Stamford Mayor Michael Pavia had called for the show to close its doors, calling it "insensitive" to hold so close to the murders.


Gun show participant Sandy Batchelor said he wasn't sure about whether going ahead with the show was "insensitive," but said the shooter should be blamed, not the weapons he used.


"I don't have a solid opinion on [whether it is insensitive]," Batchelor said. "I'm not for or against it. I would defend it by saying it wasnt the gun."


In nearby Waterbury, the community cancelled a show scheduled for this weekend.


"I felt that the timing of the gun show so close to that tragic event would be in bad taste," Waterbury Police Chief Chief Michael J. Gugliotti said.












National Rifle Association News Conference Interrupted by Protesters Watch Video





Gugliotti has halted permits for gun shows, saying he was concerned about firearms changing hands that might one day be used in a mass shooting.


Across the state line in White Plains, N.Y, Executive Rob Astorino also canceled a show, three years after ending a had that had been in place since the 1999 Columbine High School shooting in Colorado. He said he felt the show would be inappropriate now.


But across the country, farther away from Connecticut, attendance at gun shows is spiking, and some stores report they can hardly keep weapons on their shelves with some buyers fearful of that the federal government will soon increase restrictions on gun sales and possibly ban assault weapons altogether.


"We sold 50-some rifles in days," said Jonathan O'Connor, store manager of Gun Envy in Minnesota.


President Obama said after the Sandy Hook shooting that addressing gun violence would be one of his priorities and Rep. Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., said she would introduce an assault weapons ban this month.


But it is not just traditional advocates of gun control that have said their need to be changes in gun laws since the horrific school shooting.


Republican Sen. Kay Bailey Hutchison of Texas and Virginia Sen. Mark Warner, a Democrat but a long-time opponent of gun control who like Hutchison has received an A rating from the NRA, have both come out in support of strengthening gun laws.


In Stamford, gun dealer Stuart English said participants at the gun show there are doing nothing wrong.


"I have to make a living. Life goes on," gun dealer Stuart English said.


ABC News asked English, what he thought about the mayor of Stamford calling the show "insensitive."


"He's wrong," English said. "This is a private thing he shouldn't be expressing his opinion on."


If you have a comment on this story or have a story idea, you can tweet this correspondent @greenblattmark.


The Associated Press contributed to this report.



Read More..

Silent Skype calls can hide secret messages









































Got a secret message to send? Say it with silence. A new technique can embed secret data during a phone call on Skype. "There are concerns that Skype calls can be intercepted and analysed," says Wojciech Mazurczyk at the Institute of Telecommunications in Warsaw, Poland. So his team's SkypeHide system lets users hide extra, non-chat messages during a call.












Mazurczyk and his colleagues Maciej Karaś and Krysztof Szczypiorski analysed Skype data traffic during calls and discovered an opportunity in the way Skype "transmits" silence. Rather than send no data between spoken words, Skype sends 70-bit-long data packets instead of the 130-bit ones that carry speech.












The team hijacks these silence packets, injecting encrypted message data into some of them. The Skype receiver simply ignores the secret-message data, but it can nevertheless be decoded at the other end, the team has found. "The secret data is indistinguishable from silence-period traffic, so detection of SkypeHide is very difficult," says Mazurczyk. They found they could transmit secret text, audio or video during Skype calls at a rate of almost 1 kilobit per second alongside phone calls.












The team aims to present SkypeHide at a steganography conference in Montpellier, France, in June.


















































If you would like to reuse any content from New Scientist, either in print or online, please contact the syndication department first for permission. New Scientist does not own rights to photos, but there are a variety of licensing options available for use of articles and graphics we own the copyright to.




































All comments should respect the New Scientist House Rules. If you think a particular comment breaks these rules then please use the "Report" link in that comment to report it to us.


If you are having a technical problem posting a comment, please contact technical support.








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Obama warns on "dangerous game" with debt ceiling






WASHINGTON: US President Barack Obama on Saturday warned congressional Republicans against what he called a "dangerous game" with the country's economy as lawmakers prepared for a new battle over the national debt ceiling.

"As I said earlier this week, one thing I will not compromise over is whether or not Congress should pay the tab for a bill they've already racked up," the president said in his weekly radio and Internet address.

"If Congress refuses to give the United States the ability to pay its bills on time, the consequences for the entire global economy could be catastrophic," he pointed out.

Obama recalled that the US economy "suffered" and congressional Republicans clashed over national debt in 2011, a row that resulted in a downgrade of the US credit rating.

"Our families and our businesses cannot afford that dangerous game again," the president said.

The United States reached its legal borrowing limit of US$16.4 trillion on Monday. Now Congress has about two months to raise the debt ceiling to allow more government borrowing or risk causing the government to default on its bills and financial obligations.

A bipartisan "fiscal cliff" deal passed by Congress later in the week did not address the debt ceiling issue.

Republicans, who accepted this deal without any significant spending cut, are now demanding concessions on expenditures in return for allowing the ceiling to rise.

House Speaker John Boehner has warned the Republicans will ask for "significant spending cuts" and reforms of expensive programs like Social Security and Medicare that provide pensions and health care services for the nation's seniors.

Obama said he was for spending cuts without shortchanging things like education, job training, research and technology.

"But spending cuts must be balanced with more reforms to our tax code," he said. "The wealthiest individuals and the biggest corporations shouldn't be able to take advantage of loopholes and deductions that aren't available to most Americans."

- AFP/xq



Read More..

Library of Congress digs in to full archive of 170 billion tweets



The U.S. Library of Congress said today that it has completed a process of collecting a full, ongoing stream of tweets, and that it has begun work to archive and organize more than 170 billion tweets.




Under an agreement struck between the government institution and Twitter in 2010, the microblogging company is providing the Library of Congress with a full stream of all public tweets, starting with 21 billion generated from between 2006 and April 2010, and now supplemented with about 150 billion more posted since then.


In an announcement about the status of the project today, the library wrote that:


Twitter is a new kind of collection for the Library of Congress but an important one to its mission. As society turns to social media as a primary method of communication and creative expression, social media is supplementing, and in some cases supplanting, letters, journals, serial publications, and other sources routinely collected by research libraries.


Though the Library has been building and stabilizing the archive and has not yet offered researchers access, we have nevertheless received approximately 400 inquiries from researchers all over the world. Some broad topics of interest expressed by researchers run from patterns in the rise of citizen journalism and elected officials' communications to tracking vaccination rates and predicting stock market activity.


The Library of Congress isn't entirely clear how the ongoing archive will be utilized, but it has issued a white paper (PDF) outlining the project.


This project, of course, is different than Twitter's recently announced initiative to make every user's full tweet history available to them. That effort is under way, though only some users have been given access to date.


Interestingly, the Library of Congress reported in the white paper that its two full copies of the entire archive of 170 billion tweets comprise about 133 Terabytes of data. Each tweet, the library wrote, contains about 50 accompanying metadata fields.


Read More..